Heart Diseases - Causes, Symptoms, Types, Prevention & Treatment of Heart Diseases

Beside cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease.

I. Causes of Heart Diseases

There are many causes of heart diseases. Most of heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of poor cholesterol (LDL) do up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated bulky and trans plump. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage or anything that serves to wound the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease.

II Symptoms of Heart diseases

Here are some early indication of heart disease symptoms:

1. Leg cramps during walking

Leg cramps during employ might be caused by dehydration. It is primary to drink a lot of fluid during use. Leg cramps occur when the muscle suddenly and forcefully contracts. The most favorite muscles to contract in this manner are muscles that base two joints. Leg cramps during walking might be an indication of heart disease caused by arteries in your leg being clogged up by cholesterol in result of not enough oxygen being delivered to the cells in your leg.

2. Chest pain

Chest distress is caused by blood vessels in the heart temporarily being blocked up. It is also caused by inadequate oxygen supply to the heart muscle or coronary . The persistence of chest harm would be an early indication of heart diseases.

3. Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is the major symptom of the left ventricular insufficiency. People with shortness of breath are four times more likely to die from a heart disease related cause than individuals without any symptoms.

4. Headaches

People sight resplendent crooked lines or loss of vision before a migraine attack may be at particular risk of future cardiovascular problems. Generally headaches do not cause heart diseases but a sudden, explosive onset of tall hurt might be.

5. Dizziness

Dizziness can have many causes including shameful blood count, coarse iron in the blood stream and other blood disorders, dehydration, and viral illnesses. Since there are many different conditions that can effect these symptoms, anybody experiencing episodes of severe headaches or dizziness ought to be checked by your doctor.

6. Palpitations

Palpitations is an extremely favorite symptom of heart disease. Palpitations are skips in the heart beats and curious heart beats.

7. Loss of consciousness

It is a well-liked symptom, most people pass out at least once in their lives. However, sometimes loss of consciousness indicates a hazardous or even life-threatening condition such as heart disease so when loss of consciousness occurs it is primary to figure out the cause.

There are many more symptoms such as fatigue, memory defects, and changes in skin tone and temperature.

III. Types of Heart Diseases

The heart is a four chambered, hollow muscle and double acting pump that is located in the chest between the lungs. Heart diseases caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of awful cholesterol (LDL) produce up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated plump and trans tubby. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage.

There are some major types of heart diseases:

1. Type of heart disease affecting heart chambers

As we mention in the previous article, the heart is a four chambered hollow muscle and double acting pump that is located in the chest between the lungs. Heart diseases caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of abominable cholesterol (LDL) invent up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated pudgy and trans elephantine. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage.

In this article, we will discuss heart disease affecting the heart chambers.

Heart failure is caused by the heart not pumping as distinguished blood as it should and so the body does not regain as mighty blood and oxygen that it needs. The malfunctioning of the heart chambers are due to afflict caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart.

There are 4 heart chambers as follow:

* The true atrium

* The left atrium

* The moral ventricle

* The left ventricle.

Heart diseases affect the heart chambers include:

A. Congestive heart failure

Heart failure is caused by the heart not pumping as remarkable blood as it should and so the body does not acquire as mighty blood and oxygen that it needs. The malfunctioning of the heart chambers are due to afflict caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart.

a) Diastolic dysfunction:

The contraction function is normal but there's impaired relaxation of the heart, impairing its ability to occupy with blood causing the blood returning to the heart to get in the lungs or veins.

b) Systolic dysfunction:

The relaxing function is normal but there's impaired contraction of the heart causing the heart to not pump out as considerable blood that is returned to it as it normally does as a result of more blood remaining in the lower chambers of the heart.

B. Pulmonary heart disease

Pulmonary heart disease is caused by an enlarged just ventricle. It is known as heart disease resulting from a lung disorder where the blood flowing into the lungs is slowed or blocked causing increased lung pressure. The factual side of the heart has to pump harder to push against the increased pressure and this can lead to enlargement of the factual ventricle.

2. Heart Disease affecting heart muscles

In the case of heart diseases affecting heart muscles, the heart muscles are stiff, increasing the amount of pressure required to expand for blood to straggle into the heart or the narrowing of the passage as a result of obstructing blood dawdle out of the heart.

Heart diseases affecting heart muscles include:

A. Cardiomyopathy

Heart muscle becomes indignant and doesn't work as well as it should. There may be multiple causes such as high blood pressure, heart valve disease, artery diseases or congenital heart defects.

a) Dilated cardiomyopathy

The heart cavity is enlarged and stretched. Blood flows more slowly through an enlarged heart, causing formation of blood clots as a result of clots sticking to the inner lining of the heart, breaking off the true ventricle into the pulmonary circulation in the lung or being dislodged and carried into the body's circulation to create emboli .

b) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

The wall between the two ventricles becomes enlarged, obstructing the blood creep from the left ventricle. Sometimes the thickened wall distorts one leaflet of the mitral valve, causing it to leak. The symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy include shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting and angina pectoris.

c) Restrictive cardiomyopathy

The ventricles becomes excessively rigid, so it's harder for the ventricles to bear with blood between heartbeats. The symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy include shortness of breath, swollen hands and feet.

B. Myocarditis Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscles or the weaken of the heart muscles. The symptoms of myocarditis include fever, chest concern, congestive heart failure and palpitation.

3. Heart disease affecting heart valves

Heart diseases affecting heart valves occur when the mitral valve in the heart narrows, causing the heart to work harder to pump blood from the left atrium into the ventricle.

Here are some types of heart disease affecting heart valves:

a. Mitral Stenosis

Mitral Stenosis is a heart valve disorder that involves a narrowing or blockage of the opening of the mitral valve causing the volume and pressure of blood in the left atrium increases.

b. Mitral valves regurgitation

Mitral regurgitation is the heart disease in which your heart's mitral valve doesn't discontinuance tightly causing the blood to be unable to travel through the heart efficiently. Symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation are fatigue and shortness of breath.

c. Mitral valves prolapse

In mitral valve prolapse, one or both leaflets of the valve are too big resulting in uneven closure of the valve during each heartbeat. Symptoms of mitral valves prolapse are palpitation, shortness of breath, dizzy, fatigue and chest concern

d. Aortic Stenosis

With aging, protein collagen of the valve leaflets are destroyed and calcium is deposited on the leaflets causing scarring, thickening, and stenosis of the valve therefore increasing the wear and creep on the valve leaflets resulting in the symptoms and heart problems of aortic stenosis.

e. Aortic regurgitation

Aortic regurgitation is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to gallop in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. Symptoms of aortic regurgitation include fatigue or weakness, shortness of breath, chest injure, palpitation and exclusive heart beats.

f. Tricuspid stenosis

Tricuspid stenosis is the narrowing of the orifice of the tricuspid valve of the heart causing increased resistance to blood scurry through the valve. Symptoms of tricuspid stenosis include fatigue, enlarged liver, abdominal swelling, neck discomfort and leg and ankle swelling.

g. Tricuspid regurgitation.

Tricuspid regurgitation is the failure of the lawful ventricular causing blood to leak help through the tricuspid valve from the just ventricle into the lawful atrium of the heart. Symptoms of tricuspid regurgitation include leg and ankle swelling and swelling in the abdomen.

4. Heart disease affecting coronary arteries and coronary veins

The malfunctioning of the heart may be due to hurt caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart as well as blood backing up in the veins. Types of heart disease that affect the coronary arteries and veins include:

A. Angina pectoris

Angina pectoris occurs when the heart muscle doesn't secure as remarkable blood oxygen as it needs. Here are 3 types of angina pectoris:

a) Stable angina

Stable angina is chest wound or discomfort that typically occurs with activity or stress due to oxygen deficiency in the blood muscles and usually follows a predictable pattern. Symptom of stable angina include chest distress, tightness, pressure, indigestion feeling and afflict in the upper neck and arm.

b) Unstable angina

Unstable angina is caused by blockage of the blood gallop to the heart. Without blood and the oxygen, section of the heart starts to die. Symptoms of unstable angina include injure spread down the left shoulder and arm to the abet, jaw, neck, or lawful arm, discomfort of chest and chest pressure.

c) Variant angina also known as coronary artery spasm

Caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries. This is caused by the contraction of the quiet muscle tissue in the vessel walls. Symptoms of variant angina include increasing of heart rate, pressure and chest afflict.

B. Heart attacks known as myocardial infarction or MI

Heart attacks caused by plaque wreck with thrombus formation in a coronary vessel, resulting in an acute reduction of blood supply to a section of the myocardium. Symptoms of MI include a squeezing sensation of the chest, sweating, nausea and vomiting, upper assist damage and arm hurt.

C. Heart disease also known as coronary artery disease or coronary heart disease

Caused by arteries hardening and narrowing, cutting off blood swagger to the heart muscle and resulting in heart attack. Symptoms of heart disease include shortness of breath, chest difficulty on pain, palpitation, dizziness and fainting.

D. Atherosclerosis or hardening of arteries

Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your heart and to other parts of your body. Atherosclerosis is caused by plaques that crash in result of blood clots that block blood dawdle or atomize off and depart to another fragment of the body. Atherosclerosis has no symptom or warning effect.

E. quiet ischemia.

Ischemia is a condition in which the blood amble is restricted to a fraction of the body caused by narrowing of heart arteries. quiet ischemia means people have ischemia without afflict. There is also no warning mark before heart attack.

5. Heart disease affecting heart lining

Rheumatic heart disease results from inflammation of the heart lining when too powerful fluid builds up in the lungs leading to pulmonary congestion. It is due to failure of the heart to retract fluid from the lung circulation resulting in shortness of breath, coughing up blood, pale skin and excessive sweating. Heart disease resulting from inflammation of either the endocardium or pericardium is called heart disease affecting heart lining.

Endocardium is the inner layer of the heart. It consists of epithelial tissue and connective tissue. Pericardium is the fluid filled sac that surrounds the heart and the proximal ends of the aorta, vena vava and the pulmonary artery.

a. Endocarditis

Endocarditis, which is an inflammation of the endocardium is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling on the inside of the heart, usually on the heart valves that consists of epithelial tissue and connective tissue. It is the most current heart disease in people who have a damaged, diseased, or artificial heart valve. Symptoms of endocarditis include fever, chilling, fatigue, aching joint muscles, night sweats, shortness of breath, change in temperature and a persistent cough.

b. Pericardium

Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium. It is caused by infection of the pericardium which is the thin, tough bag-like membrane surrounding the heart. The pericardium also prevents the heart from over expanding when blood volume increases. Symptoms of pericarditis include chest hurt, still fever, weakness, fatigue, coughing, hiccups, and muscle aches.

6. Heart disease affecting electrical system

The electrical system within the heart is responsible for ensuring the heart beats correctly so that blood can be transported to the cells throughout our body. Any malfunction of the electrical system in the heart causes a swiftly, stupid, or exclusive heartbeat. The electrical system within the heart is responsible for ensuring that the heart beats correctly so that blood can be transported throughout our the body. Any malfunction of the electrical system in the heart malfunction can cause a posthaste, dreary, or exclusive heartbeat.

Types of heart disease that affect the electrical system are known as arrhythmias. They can cause the heart to beat too rapidly, too unimaginative, or irregularly. These types of heart disease include:

a. Sinus tachycardia

Sinus tachycardia occurs when the sinus rhythm is faster than 100 beats per dinky therefore it increases myocardial oxygen quiz and reduces coronary blood shuffle, thus precipitating an ischemia heart or valvular disease.

b. Sinus bradycardia

Sinus bradycardia occurs when a decrease of cardiac output results in regular but unusually boring heart beat less than 60 beats per miniature. Symptoms of sinus bradycardia includes a feeling of weightlessness of the head, dizziness, extreme blood pressure, vertigo, and syncope.

c. Atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is an unique heart rhythm that starts in the upper parts (atria) of the heart causing queer beating between the atria and the lower parts (ventricles) of the heart. The lower parts may beat hasty and without a regular rhythm. Symptoms of atrial fibrillation include dizziness, light-headedness, shortness of breath, chest hurt and curious heart beat.

d. Atrial flutter

Atrial flutter is an abnormal heart rhythm that occurs in the atria of the heart causing abnormalities and diseases of the heart. Symptoms of atrial flutter includes shortness of breath, chest effort, horror and palpitation.

e. Supraventricular tachycardia

Supraventricular tachycardia is described as expeditiously heart rate originating above the ventricles, or lower chambers of the heart causing a quickly pulse of 140-250 beats per dinky. Symptoms of supraventricular tachycardia include palpitations, light-headedness, and chest effort.

f. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is described as an occasional snappily heart rate. Symptoms can near on suddenly and may go away without treatment. They can last a few minutes or 1-2 days.

g. Ventricular tachycardia

Ventricular tachycardia is described as a expeditiously heart rhythm that originates in one of the ventricles of the heart . This is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia because it may lead to ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden death. Symptoms of ventricular tachycardia include light headedness, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath and chest difficulty.

h.Ventricular fibrillation

Ventricular fibrillation is a condition in which the heart's electrical activity becomes disordered causing the heart's lower chambers to contract in a quick, unsynchronized procedure resulting in puny heart pumps or no blood at all, resulting in death if left untreated after in 5 minutes.

There are many heart diseases affecting electrical system such as premature arterial contractions, wolf parkinson, etc.

7. Congenital heart disease

There are several heart diseases that people are born with. Congenital heart diseases are caused by a persistence in the fetal connection between arterial and venous circulation. Congenital heart diseases affect any share of the heart such as heart muscle, valves, and blood vessels. Congenital heart disease refers to a spot with the heart's structure and function due to abnormal heart development before birth.Every year over 30,000 babies are born with some type of congenital heart defect in US alone. Congenital heart disease is responsible for more deaths in the first year of life than any other birth defects. Some congenital heart diseases can be treated with medication alone, while others require one or more surgeries.